dbgdl0fsf]
cTo'Rr lrGtg -
{cgGt r}tGoÚ
{cgGt r}tGoÚ
;GWof /]UdL
a|≈df08sf] ;Dk"0f{h;f] 1fgnfO{ cfˆgf] d'¶Ldf kfl/;Sg' ePsf cfZro{jt\ x]g'{kg]{ cb\e't / pb\e6 ljåfg\ dbgdl0f bLlIftsf] k}lt;f} s[lt {cgGt r}tGo’ xfd|f] ;fd' k|:t't ePsf] 5 .
ztfo'sf] uGtJodf nDsb} ubf{ klg
bLlIftHo"sf] n]vg, cWoog, cg';Gwfg clj>fGt ¿kdf rln/x]sf] 5 . ca
pxfnfO{ k"jL{o / kfZrfTo ;+:s[lt ;Eotfk|lt k|sf08 ljåtf /fVg] ljifosf]
k|z+;fTds k'ikfxf/x¿ r9fO/xg kb}{g . o;sf] af/]df pxFsf ;a}h;f] s[lt / pxfnfO{
g} ljifoj:t' clg s]Gb| agfP/ n]lvPsf u|Gyx¿ 5/k|:6 5g\ .
cl3Nnf s[lteGbf lgtfGt a]Un} ¿k / cy{df ;d]t
;+/lrt of] u|Gyn] xfdL kf7ssf] dl:tisnfO{ x'g;Dd /GyGofp5 . To;f] t of] …‘cgGt
r}tGo’n] ljZj dfgj -/
a|≈df08sf_ af/]df g} ;jf]{Rr / ;jf]{Qd lrGtg / lgMbz{g u/]sf] 5 . dfgj /
r]tgfaf/] olt dxŒjk"0f{ JofVofx¿ k|:t't ePsf 5g\ –:t'To 5g\ .
of] ‘cgGt r}tGo’sf] l;4fGt PsfPs To;} cfPsf] xf]Og . lxdfnL
pkdxfb]zsf] kf}/fl0fs ;dfhzf:qLo lrGtgx¿df cle?lr /fVg] uxg cWo]tf dbgdl0f
bLlIftn] c? pRr:t/Lo 1fg xfl;n ug]{ p2]Zoaf6 k'0f] ;x/sf] 8]sfg sn]hdf kRrL;
j6f ljBfjfl/lw ul/Psf k|sflzt / ck|sflzt zf]wu|Gyx¿ @)÷@! jif{ cufl8 cyf{t\
@)%) ;fnsf] k';÷df3 dlxgfsf #% lbg uDeL/ cWoog dgg ljZn]if0f u/]/ ljz]if 1fg
cjut ug'{ePsf] ;dodf of] ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cjwf/0ff ;ËfNg' ePsf] lyof] . ‘cgGt r}tGo’ cyf{t\ ‘kfrf}
cfofd’sf] af/]df
‘e"ld;"Qm’ nufotsf pxfsf cGo s[ltx¿df klxn] klg pNn]v
eO;s]sf] x'bf of] ‘cgGt r}tGo’ l;4fGtsf] cjwf/0ff pxfsf] dl:tisdf @) jif{
cufl8b]lv g} ;Ëflnb} cfPsf] lyof] . pxF :jLsf/ ug'{x'G5 – ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sNkgf cjZo xf] t/
of] wf/0ff lghL pknlAw xf]Og / of] sNkgfdf k'Ug] Ifdtf ljZjsf ;du| dfgjdf 5 .
em08} @@)) jif{cl3 k|frLg lu|s ljåfg\x¿åf/f
nDafO, rf}8fO / prfO u/L lgcfofdsf] cl:tŒj ePsf] k'li6 x'g uof] . tTkZrft\ ;g\
!()% df hd{gLsf cNa6{ cfOG:6fOgåf/f :yflkt Go'6gsf] u'?Tjfsif{0f l;4fGtdfly a|≈df08Lo
;fk]Iftfjfb l;4fGt (Theory of Relativity) bz{g cg'¿k …‘sfn’ cyf{t\ ‘;do’ lagf lqcfofd /xg g;Sg] x'bf rf}yf] cfofd cyf{t\
‘;do’ sf] j}1flgs
l;4fGtsf] k|ltkfbg eof] h;nfO{ xfd|f] k[YjLsf lrGtgstf{x¿ ;a}n] :jLsf/ ul/;s]sf
5g\ . oBlk ‘sfn’ ;fk]Iftfsf] d"n cfwf/ eg] dflg; xf] . ctM
dflg; lagf tL rf/ cfofdx¿df s'g} cy{ /xb}g eGg] wf/0ff /fVg] dbgdl0f bLlIftn]
‘dfgj r]tgf’ nfO{ kfrf} cfofddf u0fgf ug'{ePsf] lyof] . clxn] pxfn] o;nfO{
‘kfrf} cfofd’ gfds/0fnfO{ Tofu]/ k"0f{tM ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] ;+1f lbg'x'G5
/ ‘cGToxLg ljZjJofkL dfgj ;d"x’ sf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug'{x'G5 . 5fGbf]Uo pklgifb\df
p2fns cf¿0fLn] cfˆgf] 5f]/f Zj]ts]t';fd' ‘tŒjd;L’ cyf{t\ ‘dflg;l;t
a≈dsf] ¿kwf/0ff’ cyf{t\ æTof] ltdL xf}Æ eGg'sf] cy{ Tof] o'usf]
efiffdf dflg; eg]s} ‘cgGt r}tGo’ xf] eGg] :yfkgf xf] . ‘cgGt r}tGo’ k|ltkfbg ubf{
tLI0f d]wfjL, tLj| u|x0fzLn Pj+ k/d1fglkkf;' bLlIftn] dfgj / a|≈df08af/] o;
u|Gydf olt ljzfn 1fge08f/ ;d]6\g' ePsf] 5 ls ;fRRf} g} cfZro{ nfUb5 .
o; s[ltdf O;fk"j{ ^!! sf k|frLg lu|s
bfz{lgs Anaximander sf] ‘cfhLjg’ bz{gaf6 ;'? eO{ dfgjhLjgeGbf cl3sf] kz'hLjg /
kz'hLjg ;'? x'g'eGbf cl3sf] dfgj÷kz' hLjgaf6 v8] dfgj (Homo Erectus Human) cyf{t\ Upright Man ;Dd cfOk'Ubfsf] cj:yf, tTkZrft\ dfgjn]
clUgk"hf u/L cfˆgf] >dsf] k|yd kl/ro lbg'nfO{ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] z'ef/De
cyf{t\ k|yd r/0f dflgPsf] 5 .
;]G6 hf]gn] afOandf æ;[li6sf] z'ef/Dedf zAb
lyof], zAb O{Zj/;u lyof], zAb g} O{Zj/ lyof] .Æ ("In the beginning there was word, the word was with God, the
word was God'') egL
zAb dlxdf ufPe}+m cIf/sf l;4x:t k'?if dgbdl0f bLlIftn] æzAbsf] ljsf; x'g'cl3 a≈df08df
‘ç’ lyof] hf] :j/ dfq
lyof] / ha :j/df efjfy{ ylkof] ta g} CUj}lbs Crfx¿sf] k|0fog x'g yfNof]Æ egL
‘zAb’ cl3 ‘:j/’ sf] cl:tŒj ePsf]
k'li6 ul/lbg' x'G5 . lzz'n] hGdkZrft\ pRrf/0f ug]{ k|yd zAb ‘cfdf’ / ‘ç’ df pxfn] uhasf]
tfbfTDo e]6\g'x'G5 . clg t xfdL a'‰b5f}+ ‘ç’ g} sfnfGt/df ‘Ddf’ / ‘cfdf’ df kl/0ft ePsf] /x]5 .
a|≈df08df zAb / >dsf] ;xcl:tŒjsf ;fy Psflt/
jf0fL ljsl;t x'g uO{ ufog, ;flxTo, gf6\odf kl/0ft x'b} hfg' / csf]{lt/ xftsf]
k|of]u lj1fg / k|ljlw lgldQ x'g yfn]kl5 dflg;sf] r}tGodf, clej[l4 x'b} ‘cgGt
r}tGo’ df gof gof cfofd
ylkb} uP .
o; s[ltdf ‘cgGt r}tGo’ @)) k6s eGbf klg
a9L k|:t't ePsf] 5 . s] xf] t cflv/ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cy{ < dxfef/tsf] cfZjd]lws kj{df a≈dfsf]
d'vaf6 Jof;n] æ1fg:ofGtf] g ljBt]Æ
cyf{t\ æ1fgsf] s'g} cGTo 5}gÆ eg]e}+m dfgj1fg / r]tgf cgGt 5 . ;Dk"0f{
dfgjhfltn] a'‰g ;Sg] u/L clt ;/n efiffdf eGg'kbf{ oxL cGToxLg dfgj1fg / r]tgf
g} ‘cgGt r}tGo’ xf] .
cfTdljef]/ efj's tyf ;+j]bgzLn dgbdl0f sxf kf]
b]Vg' x'Gg / ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cl:tŒj ππ a|≈df08sf s0f–s0fdf, c0f'–c0f'df,
k/df0f'–k/df0f'df, To;leqsf ;"Idflt;"Id On]S6«f]g, k|f]6f]g /
Go'6«f]gdf, dfgjsf]ifleqsf j|mf]df]hf]dx¿df, clg To:t} u/L rGb|;"o{df,
;f}o{d08nsf tf/fu0fx¿df, rGb|sf] zLtntfdf, ;"o{sf] tfk / k|sfzdf, ;[li6sf]
z'ef/Desf] ‘ç’ :j/Wjlgdf, zAb jf0fL ;ÍLtdf, CUj}lbs Crfx¿df, eujt\ uLtfsf
Znf]sx¿df, k|frLg pklgifb\sf] 1fgdf, æd[Tof]df{
cd[td\ udoÆ -æd[To'af6 dnfO{ cd[tdf k'¥ofpmÆ_ sf] pRrf/0fdf, 1fg / lj1fgsf]
;Totfdf, gLle{s :jtGq ljrf/x¿df . ‘cgGt r}tGo’ JofKt 5 – 5fGbf]Uo pklgifb\sf] ‘e"df’ cyf{t\ dflg;sf]
lj/f6 ¿kdf, uf}td a'4sf uDeL/ b'O{ cf“vflarsf] t];|f] w;f]{df, ;d'b|dGygaf6
pTkGg ljifsf] 38fnfO{ ;d]t lkP/ zfGt / lglij|mo t'Nofpg] lqg]qwf/L gLns07
dxfb]jdf, hLljt s'df/Lsf] lgwf/df, ;gftg lxGb" wd{sf b]jLx¿ / ltgsf
cgluGtL afx'x¿df, a|≈dfsf] $ lz/df, lji0f'sf $ kfpdf, jf0fLåf/f cGtl/If
k[YjLnfO{ gfl3;s]sL jfufDe[0fL b]jLdf======= . Toltdfq xf]Og–gjhft lzz'sf] ?jfO
/ kfOnfsf] rfndf klg r]tgfn] ‘cgGt r}tGo’ b]Vg'x'G5 dbgdl0f .
;g\ !($% df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] :yfkgf x'g' clg
;g\ !($* df ;f] ljZj ;+u7gaf6 dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq hGdg' kmn:j¿k
ljZj zLto'4 / cf}klgj]zjfbsf] cGTo x''g', tTkZrft\ ljZjdf lj1fg / k|fljlws
If]qdf j|mflGt ;'? x'g', To;sf ;fy} lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf nflu ‘o'g]:sf]’ sf] 3f]if0ff x'g'
tyf cy{ Joj:yf ;~rfng lglDt ljZj a}+ssf] :yfkgf x'g'nfO{ dbgdl0fHo" ‘cgGt
r}tGo’ sf] gof ljZj
cjwf/0ff dfGg' x'G5 . olt dfq xf]Og, cGtl/If ofqLx¿ rGb|dfdf cjt/0f ug'{,
j}1flgsx¿ dËn u|xsf] ofqf ug'{, lj1fg / k|ljlwn] cTofw'lgs pks/0fx¿sf] cfljisf/
ul/lbg', ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] j|mflGtn] ljZjdf gof“ xnrn dRrfOlbg', df]afOnn]
;f/f ;+;f/nfO{ Pp6} tf/df hf]l8lbg' Wikipedia 1fg e08fn] ;Dk"0f{ ;"rgf / hfgsf/L
dfgjdf x:tfGt/0f ul/lbg', OG6/g]6n] ;Dk"0f{ ljZjnfO{ Pp6f cf}+nfsf] 6'Kkf]df
c6fpg] lrK;df b]vfOlbg', cfheGbf ^) jif{cl3 g} blIf0f clk|msfsf dxfg\
zNolrlsT;s 8f= lj|ml:rog agf{8{n] d'6'sf] ;kmn k|Tof/f]k0f u/fO{ dflg;sf] cfo'
nDafOlbg'df ‘cgGt r}tGo’ k'li6 ePsf] lglZrt ug'{ x'G5 dbgdl0f . ctM ’lje'd\ Jofksd\ a|≈dj]b:j¿kd\’ eg]e}+m of]
ljZja|≈df08 ‘cgGt r}tGo’ ¿kL a|≈dn] JofKt 5 .
‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] k|ltlglwsf] ¿kdf pxfn] Jof;, jfNdLls,
of1jNSob]lv lnP/ dxfTdf ufGwL, g]N;g dG8]nf, sfn{ dfS;{, 6Í k|;fb cfrfo{,
jL=kL= / k'iknfn h:tf JolQmTjx¿nfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g' x'G5 h;n] cf–cfˆgf] If]qdf cb\e"t sfo{ u/L ljZja|≈df08sf] kl/rodf g}
cfwf/e"t kl/jt{g u/]/ uP h;sf sf/0fn] g} ljleGg wd{ / bz{gsf u'?x¿ cfh;Dd
ljZjdf k"lht 5g\ .
‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cjwf/0ff k|:t't ug]{ clj>fGt kl/>dL
Pj+ ;dlk{t nugzLn dbgdl0f bLlIft bfz{lgs x'g'sf ;fy} Ps s'zn lj1fg1ftf klg x'g'
x'G5 . a|≈df08sf] ;'?cft Big Bang Model åf/f JofVof ug]{ ef}ltszf:qL Pj+ ljZjljVoft
j}1flgs l:6k]mg xlsË;\ e}+m pxf klg a|≈df08sf] ;[li6 !# c/a jif{ klxn] ePsf]
dxfljikmf]6af6 ;'? ePsf] eGg] ;To wf/0ffdf ljZj:t x'g'x'G5, oBlk o; wf/0ffsf]
cl:tŒj dfgj efiffd} s]lGb|t ePsf] s'/fsf] k'li6 lbg'x'G5 . ljZjdf cfˆgf] bfz{lgs / j}1flgs k|efj @))) jif{;Dd hdfO/fVg ;s]sf k|frLg
lu|s bfz{lgs Pj+ j}1flgs cl/:6f]6n -O;fk"j{ #*$–#@@_ g} k|yd j}1flgs dflgP
tfklg ljZjsf k|yd j}1flgsx¿ dxlif{ of1jNSo, p2fns c¿0fL / ltgsf 5f]/f Zj]ts]t'
x'g\ egL dbgdl0f 7f]s'jf ug'{x'G5 .
x'g klg xf], ljZjsf k|yd j}1flgsx¿ k"jL{o
;Eotfs} k|frLg Clifd'lgx¿ lyP eGg]df b'O{ dt x'g ;Sb}g . xfd|f Clifd'lgx¿
tŒjb|i6f lyP lsgsL pgLx¿n] hLjg / hut\sf] Hofb} ;"Idtfsf ;fy lg/LIf0f u/]sf
lyP / ;[li6sf] ;TonfO{ a'e]msf lyP . xfd|f k|frLg ;Dkbf / ;Eotfdf ckf/ 1fg,
lrGtg / ;"rgfsf] e08f/ ;'/lIft 5 . kfZrfTo e"ldsf ljZjk|l;4 j}1flgs /
cfljisf/sx¿n] cfk"mn] k"j{s} j]bfGt bz{g, eujt\ uLtf, pklgifb\ /
k'/f0fsf] cWoog u/L To;}af6 cfljisf/sf nflu pTk|]l/t / ;Ddf]lxt ePsf] :jLsf/
ub{5g\ . pgLx¿ xfd|f] k"jL{o hut\sf] k|fRo–1fg / ljåtfk|lt gtd:ts x'G5g\ .
l;nf]ª lgjf;L n]vs, ;|i6f Pj+ lrGts ;nLn 1jfnLsf] k':ts æk"jL{o ;Eotf
ljZjljVoft ljåfg\x¿sf] b[li6dfÆ (Great
minds on India) n]
klg log} s'/fsf] ;TotYo JofVof ub{5 . ‘sfn’ jf ‘rf}yf] cfofd’ sf] l;4fGt :yfkgf ug]{ ztfAbL k'?if dxfg\
j}1flgs cNa6{ cfOG:6fOgn] ;d]t æk"jL{ofx¿n] g} klZrdfx¿nfO{ ul0ft l;sfP’ h;sf] cefjdf s'g}
klg ;fy{s k|s[ltsf] j}1flgs cfljisf/ x'g ;Sg] lyPg, To;}n] xfdL kfZrfTox¿
k"jL{o ;Eotfk|lt lr/C0fL 5f}+Æ egL pb\uf/ JoQm u/]sf lyP . kRrL; ;o
jif{cl3 lu|;sf] ;df];f 6fk'sf kfOyfuf]/; HofldtL l;Sgsf nflu u+ufhL;Dd k'u]sf
lyP . ;qf}+ ztfAbLd} k|mfG;sf dxfg\ bfz{lgs, n]vs Pj+ Oltxf;sf/ ef]Nt]o/n]
eg]sf lyP–æxfdL klZrdfx¿df ;a} s'/f u+ufhL s} t6af6 k|fKt ePsf] 5 .Æ hd{g
bfz{lgs x'Daf]N6 tyf hd{g k|f]k]m;/ DofS; Do'n/, gf]a]n k'/:sf/ ljhoL pkGof;sf/
Pj+ :jL; bfz{lgs xd{g x]:;] tyf cd]l/sL bfz{lgs dxfTdf x]g/L 8]le8 yf]/f]n]
;d]t elg;s]sf lyP–æ‘uLtf’ Pp6f o:tf] uDeL/ dlxdfzfnL dxfg\ ;flxlTos lglw
xf] h;df ;Dk"0f{ dfgjhfltn] g} uj{ ub{5g\ .Æ ;fRr} g} ‘uLtf’ dfgj efiffdf
pknAw Ps bfz{lgs uLt xf] . To;}n] t ef/tLo bz{gsf 7"nf ljåfg\ ;d]t /x]sf
8f= cf]k]g xfOd/n] ;g\ !($% h'nfO{ !% tfl/v k/LIf0f lgldQ cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f
efudf cf0fljs ljikmf]6 u/fObf eujt\ uLtfs} Znf]s– ælblj ;"o{ ;x;|:o ej]B'u kb'lTytf olb efM ;b[zL:ofT; ef;:t:o
dxfTdgM .Æ bf]xf]¥ofP/ dbgdl0f bLlIftsf] kl/sNkgfsf] Tof] ‘cgGt r}tGo’ nfO{ :jLsf/ u/L
l;4 ;d]t ul/;s]sf lyP .
‘cgGt r}tGo’ e}+m dbgdl0fsf c? ;a}h;f] /rgfx¿df k|frLg /
gjLg, k"jL{o / kfZrfTo, 1fg / ljrf/ b'j} wf/fsf] ;ËLt au]sf] x'G5 .
cfl:tstf elgg] sx/ cGwljZjf; / gfl:tstf gfdsf] p208 ljt08f h:tf b'j} b'/fu|xaf6
kLl8t gePsf] cf:yf / oyfy{nfO{ cÍLsf/ u/]kl5 dfq dfG5]n] dfgj sNof0fsf/L
cfgGbk|jfxL sd{ofqf ug'{ ;Dej x'G5 eGg] ljrf/ /fVg] bLlIftnfO{ åGåfTds
ef}ltsjfbsf] oyfy{ j}1flgstfnfO{ dgg ubf{ cfk"m O{Zj/jfbL gePsf] / j}lbs
dGq / kf}/fl0fs ufyfx¿df /x]sf dfgjtfjfbL zfZjt / ;gftg ;Gb]zx¿nfO{ cjaf]w ubf{
cfk"m gfl:ts gePsf] cg'e"lt x'G5 . of] ljZj a|≈df08sf] kl/ro, kl/efiff
/ kl/0ffdsf] :yfkgf dflg;s} lrGtgsf] k|ltkmn xf] cyf{t\ 1fgjfg\ dflg;sf] cl:tŒj
g/xg' ljZja|≈df08s} cl:tŒj z"Gojfbdf kl/0ft x'g' xf] eGg] wf/0ff /fVg] u}/
O{Zj/jfbL t/ k"0f{tof dfgj wd{jfbL dbgdl0fHo" zlQmzfnL dfgjnfO{
olt;Dd ljgd| agfOlbg' x'G5 ls pxf eGg'x'G5–æb]jtfsf] ;[li6 ;d]t dfgjn] g}
u/]sf] lyof] t/ cfk"m ljgd| x'gsf nflu p;n] a|≈df08 / dfgjsf] ;[li6
O{Zj/n] u/]sf] xf] eGg yfNof] .Æ jf:tjdf ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] >]i7tf
dflg;sf] ljgd|tf g} xf] .
j}lbs tyf kf}/fl0fs o'u ;dfhsf] zfZjt ;Gb]zjfxL
s[ltx¿sf u|Gysf/ ;fy} clt k|frLgb]lv cTofw'lgs;Ddsf / Oltxf;sf ;fy} cw'gftg
ljZj kl/k|]Iosf pRr:t/Lo ;flxTosf cWo]tf, 1fgL, dd{1 dbgdl0f bLlIftsf /rgfx¿df
k|fozM gf/Lkfq k|wfgtfsf] afx'Non] kf7ssf] Wofg cfslif{t ub{5 . ;Ddflgt
k|f]HHjnf gf/Lx¿af/] rrf{ ug]{ cj;/ kfpbf cfˆgf] st{Jodf
s[ts[To ePsf] cg'ej ug]{ dbgdl0fn] cfˆgf s[ltdf
k|s[lt;Dkbf h8 9'Ífb]lv lnP/ cb\e"t rdTsf/ zlQm;+o'Qmf lje"lt;DdnfO{
gf/L JolQmTj k|bfg u/]/ cf/fwgf ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxfsf k"j{ /rgfx¿– ‘ljb'ifL,
ufuL{’, ‘;Ltf / b|f}kbL’, ‘Tof] o'u’, ‘dfwjL’, ‘lqb]jL’, ‘r/}j]lt’, ‘d]/L gLlndf’, ‘xfd|f k|frLg
gf/L’, ‘>L zfZjt
gf/L’, ‘CUj}lbs gf/L
rl/q’ cflbdf CUj]bsL
cg';'of / nf]kfd'b|f, oh'j]{bsL d}q]oL / ufuL{, /fdfo0fsL ;Ltf / dxfef/tsL
b|f}kbL nufot cg]sfg]sf}+ /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o gf/Lx¿sf] JolQmTj, rl/q /
k|z+;f k|:t't u/] e}+m o; u|Gydf ;d]t r}tGodf lnÍe]b /xb}g eGg] ;To :jLsf/
ubf{ub}{ klg Jojxf/df eg] ue{wf/0f u/]/ hLjg hGdfpg] JolQm, dfgj pTklQsf]
d"n;|f]t cyf{t\ dfgje"ldsfnfO{ ;'?df k"/f ug]{ gf/L g} ePsL x'bf
gf/LnfO{ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cflb ;|f]tsf] ¿k 7fGg' x'G5 . o;sf ;fy}
:j/, zAb, jfSo, jf0fL / efiffsf] d"n / d'Vo hggL gf/L g} xf] eGg'x'G5 .
pxfn] o; u|Gydf CUj]bsf] @) ;f}+ d08nsf] !@% ;f}+ ;"Qm jfufDe[0fL
;"Qmdf gf/Lsf] gfpFdf k|0fog ul/PsL jf0fLsL b]jLnfO{ ljZjs} k|yd gf/Lx¿sL
‘ç’ ¿kL k|yd–dftf
dfGg' x'G5, hf] ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] lbzfdf cfh klg xfdL ;a}nfO{ dfu{bz{g
u/fO/x]sL 5g\ . o; s[ltsf] cfj/0f k[i7 klg ‘cgGt r}tGo’ n] o'Qm lgwf/df
t];|f] cfFvf ePsL nlntk'/sL s'df/L b]jLsf] b]bLKodfg\ d'xf/n] ;';lHht ul/Psf] 5
.
o; u|Gysf] csf]{ ljz]iftf o;n] dflg; /
dfgjlarsf] uDeL/ e]b 5n{Í kf/]sf] 5 . ‘dflg;’ jf ‘dg'io’ eGgfn] jt{dfg dfgj hflt jf ;d"x dWo]sf]
PSnf] k|f0fL eGg] a'lemG5, t/ ‘dfgj’ eGgfn] jt{dfg dfgj hflt jf ;d"x OlËt ub{5
. dbgdl0fHo"s} zAbdf–ædg'iodf dfgjsf ;a} u'0f / bf]if Pslqt /x]sf x'g
;S5g\ . t/ ‘dfgj’ eGgfn] ofjt\ ;sf/fTds u'0fn] ;DkGg / bf]ifaf6
k"0f{tof k[ys /x]sf] ;d"x xf] . dflg;sf] hGd / d[To' x'G5 t/
dfgj–;d"x eg] d[To'eGbf 6f9f 5 .Æ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ o;}nfO{ elgG5 .
n]vssf] k"j{s[lt cd[tŒj / sf¿l0fstfdf klg ;+;f/df d[To' 5}g eGg] s'/f
k|:t't ePsf] 5 . ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] cb\e"ttf / hLjg–hut\af/]
dbgdl0fHo" olt cfzfjfbL x'g'x'G5 ls pxfn] cfk"m e|d0f u/]sf ljzfn
e"d08nsf dxfb]z / /fHox¿df ;sf/fTds dfgj u'0fs} k|wfgtf ;j{q kfPsf] cg'ej
;'gfpg' x'G5 . olt;Dd ls ‘dxfk|of0f’ cyf{t\ sd{zLn cgGt hLjgsf] lj;h{gdf klg pxf
‘cgGt r}tGo’ g} b]Vg'x'G5 . a|≈df08sf k|To]s dflg;n] ljZjsf] ¿kfGt/0f k|fKt
ug]{df ;kmn x'g] / ljZjnfO{ g} gof r}tGodf hLjGt t'Nofpg] af/]df pxf k"0f{
ljZj:t x'g' x'G5 .
ca k|Zg p7\5– lqcfofd / rf}yf] cfofdkl5sf]
dbgdl0f bLlIftsf] cjwf/0ffsf] ‘cgGt cfofd’ cyf{t\ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ ljZjsf
;Dk"0f{ dfgjdl:tisx¿åf/f :jLsfo{ l;4fGtdf :yflkt x'g s] slt k/LIffx¿ kf;
ug'{knf{ < lj1fgdf s'g} klg cjwf/0ff (hypothesis) hlGdg' / Tof] l;4fGt (theory) df
k|ltkflbt x'bf;Ddsf] ofqf nfdf] / sl7g 5 . s'g} klg kl/sNkgfn] ug]{ JofVof,
To;n] ug{;Sg] eljiojf0fL, To;nfO{ ;To k|dfl0ft ug]{ k/LIf0f / cfwf/x¿, j}1flgs
;dfhn] To;nfO{ u|x0f ug]{ ;DefJotf, clg ljZjsf dxfg\ dl:tisx¿nfO{ To;n] ;Ddf]lxt
ug{ ;Sg] IFdtf cflb r/0fx¿ g} k/LIffsf z[ª\vnfx¿ x'g\ . Go'6gsf] Theory of Gravity, cfOG:6fOgsf] Theory
of Relativity, sf]k/lgs; / Uoflnlnof]sf] Heliocentric
Theory, kfOyfuf]/;sf] Pythagorean Theory, hh{ ;fOdg cf]dsf] Ohm's Law cflb
cg]sfg]s l;4fGtx¿ ljZjdf :yflkt x'g'cl3 sl7gb]lv sl7gt/ clg sl7gtd kyaf6 g}
u'h|]sf 5g\ .
æ;"o{ k[YjLsf] jl/kl/ 3'D5 / a|≈df08sf]
s]Gb|laGb' klg k[YjL xf]Æ eGg] k"j{wf/0ffnfO{ nTTofpb} ;g\ !%)) d}
sf]k/lgs;n] k|:t't u/]sf] cjwf/0ffdf k"j{ ;dy{g hgfO{ O6fnLsf bfz{lgs Pj+
j}1flgs Uoflnlnof]n] ha ;g\ !^!^ df æk[YjL a|≈df08sf] s]Gb|laGb' xf]Og, a|≈df08sf]
s]Gb|laGb' t ;"o{ xf] h;sf] jl/kl/ k[YjLnufot cGo u|xx¿ kl/j|mdf ub{5g\Æ
eGg] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg u/], ta tTsfnLg rr{n] pgnfO{ 7"nf] ck/fwL 3f]lift
u¥of] . cfˆgf] l;4fGtdf cl8u Uoflnlnof]n] 'Dialogue Concerning the Chief World Systems' k|sflzt u/] h;afkt pgn] j[4fj:yfdf b'Mvb\
h]n;hfo ef]Ug' k¥of] . d[To'ko{Gt dfq pgsf] l;4fGt ljhoL eof] . O;fk"j{
%*@ sf lu|s bfz{lgs Pj+ ul0ft1 kfOyfuf]/;sf cjwf/0ffnfO{ klg dflg;n] lj/f]w u/L
pgsf ;efdf 9'Ífd'9f jiff{Psf lyP . ‘kfOyfuf]l/og Yof]/d’ nfO{ klg ljZjn]
pgsf] d[To'kl5 g} u|x0f u¥of] . k|l;4 hd{g j}1flgs hh{ ;fOdg cf]dn] ;g\
!*@& df ‘ljB'tLo ul0ftLo gfktf}n’ gfds u|Gy k|sflzt u/L ljB'tLo k|jfxsf] l;4fGt
k|ltkfbg ubf{ pgsf] u|GynfO{ lt/:sf/ u/L pgnfO{ cfˆg} b]zaf6 lgjf{l;t x'g afWo u/fOof] . jiff}{+;Ddsf] pk]IffkZrft\
d[To'ko{Gt g} pgsf] cGj]if0fnfO{ hd{gLnufot ljZjn] ;xL 7x/fof] . Æk]6sf] cToGt
cDnLo jftfj/0fdf ;d]t ‘x]lnsf]AofS6/ kfOnf]/L’ gfds AofS6]l/ofn] cfˆgf] ;fd|fHo g} agfO afRb5 h;sf sf/0f Uof;6«fOl6; / k]6sf] cN;/sf]
/f]u nfUb5Æ eGg] l;4fGtnfO{ :jLsf/ ug{ :jf:Yo ;d'bfon] OGsf/ ubf{ ci6«]lnog
j}1flgs Aof/L h] dfz{nn] cfˆgf] l;4fGt ljZjdfem k|dfl0ft u/]/ b]vfpg Hofg g}
hf]lvddf /fvL ‘k]6«L l8;’ el/sf] Tof] 3fts AofS6]l/of ;]jg u/L k]6leq 3fp
g} 3fp agfPsf lyP . Hofgs} aflh nufO{ gof cGj]if0f ;kmn kfg]{ dfz{nnfO{ ;g\
@))% df lrlsT;f zf:qdf gf]a]n k'/:sf/n] ;Ddflgt ul/of] . O;fk"j{ $^^ df
hlGdPsf k|frLg lu|s bfz{lgs ;'s/ftn] cGwljZjf;L wf/0ffx¿nfO{ nTofpFb} cfˆgf :jtGq lrGtg / ljrf/x¿ lkmhfpbf O{Zj/, /fHo / Joj:yflj/f]wL unt
wf/0ff / s'ljrf/n] gjlk9Lx¿nfO{ ef8]sf] / /fHo Joj:yflj/f]wL tyf clgZj/jfbL aGg
l;sfPsf] cf/f]k nufO{ d[To'b08sf] s8f ;hfo ;'gfOof] . cfk"mn] ;xL
7x¥ofPsf] l;4fGtdf cl8u ;'s/ftn] /fHo;fd' dfkmL dfUg'eGbf a? ‘≈ofdns’ ljifkfg u/L
k/dwfd x'g' dxfgtf ;De]m .
ljZjsf oL dxfg\ dl:tisx¿sf clj>fGt sd{zLntf
clg pgLx¿s} Tofu, tk:of / alnbfgsf] k|ltkmn dfgjdfqsf] sNof0fsf] nflu ljZj k'glg{df{0f
/ gsf/fTdstfdfly ;sf/fTdstfsf] ljho xf] . dfgj 1fg / r]tgfo'Qm gj ljZj
;[li6stf{df kl/0ft x'g' xf] . jf:tjdf oxL g} xf] dbgdl0f bLlIftsf] cjwf/0ffsf]
‘cgGt r}tGo’ eg]sf] .
cfTdZnf3f g} ;xL dbgdl0f cfˆgf] cTo'Rr lrGtg ‘cgGt cfofd’ u'0ffTds ¿kn] k|frLg lu|s j}1flgsx¿sf] lqcfofd
/ cfOG:6fOgsf] rf}yf] cfofdeGbf >]i7 b]Vg'x'G5 . pxf eGg'x'G5–æul0ftdf
dfgjlglDt k|sf08 leGgtf / pRr u'0ffTdstf cjZo g} 5 . t/ ‘cgGt r}tGo’ df ul0ft
lzIffeGbf lrGtg tyf cfWoflTdstf, ;bfrf/ / g}ltstf, wd{ / kfk, :ju{ / gs{,
;f}Gbo{ / /;af]w, cfWofTd / u'? lzio efj h:tf ;flxTodf /xg] u/]sf gj/; af]w
cflbn] dfgjnfO{ rf}yf] cfofdeGbf dfly p7fP/ ;dli6df ‘cgGt r}tGo’ o'Qm agfPsf] d
b]Vb5' .Æ pxf a'l4 / OG6n]S6 (Intellect) eGbf a9L 1fg / OG6\o';g (Intuition) df
hf]8 lbg' x'G5 . klZrdsf] j}1flgs / k|fljlws ljsf;eGbf k"j{sf] cfWoflTds /
cflTds pGgltnfO{ lr/:yfoL ;Demg' x'G5 . pxfsf nflu j}1flgs, tfls{s cf:yfeGbf
dfgjhLjgsf] /x:ok"0f{ cfnf]sdflysf] cf:yf, cd[tŒjsf] cf:yf dxfg\ / >]i7
nfUb5g\ . To;}n] t pxf ljZjsf k|yd j}1flgsx¿ of1jNSo, p2fns cf¿0fL / Zj]ts]t'
lyP egL 7f]s'jf ug'{ x'G5 .
o; s[ltsf] clGtd cWofo ‘cfsfzu+ufsf] cd[tŒj’ dbgdl0fsf]
kl/sNkgf / cltsNkgfsf] r/dlaGb' xf] . k9\bf o:tf] nfUb5 dfgf}+ xfdL :jo+ dfgjsf
ljleGg ¿kdf kl/0ft x'b} cgGt a|≈df08–ofqf ul//x]sf 5f}+ . ‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] tfutn]
k[YjLdfgjn] ;f}o{d08ndfly ljho k|fKt ul/;s]sf] 5ý rGb| w/ftndf 6]s]/ Toxfsf]
ef}lts, ;f+:s[lts / cfWoflTds jftfj/0fnfO{ ;d]t k"0f{tM dfgjLs/0f
ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] ljzfn ljho ePsf] Ps ztfAbL lalt;s]sf] 5 . j¿0f u|xdf 6]s]/
k[YjLdfgj j¿0fdfgjdf kl/0ft e};s]sf] 5 . k~r]lGb|odfly ljho k|fKt ul/;s]sf] pm
kmf]6f]l;Gy]l;; (Photosynthesis) dfk{mt\ ;"o{k|sfznfO{ hLjgwf/0f lglDt
ef]hg¿kL cfˆgf pmhf{;|f]tdf kl/0ft ub{5 . ;[li6sf/L t/
z/L/ljxLg OlGb|o/lxt pm s]jn r]tgf s]Gb|dfq /x]sf] dfgj ag]sf] 5 hf] cfjZostf
cg';f/ cfˆgf cÍk|ToÍ :jo+ lgdf{0f ub{5 / sfo{ l;l4kZrft\ cfˆgf tL cjojnfO{ lvr]/ k'gM aLhdf kl/0ft x'G5 . pm cfˆgf dl:tissf c/af}+ Go'/f]g (Neurone) x¿ k|of]u ub{5 . j¿0fdfgj ca ;f}o{d08nsf]
lgodaf6 klg d'lQm rfxG5 / tf/fdfgj;u ;fIffTsf/ ub}{ dxfsfnsf] eljioaf/]
cg';Gwfg ug{ n'Aws tf/fsf] ls/0fkfg ub}{ k'gM a|≈df08 ofqfdf lg:sG5 . j¿0fdfgj
ca n'Aws dfgjdf kl/0ft e};s]sf] 5 . pm c0f', k/df0f', ltgsf
;"Idflt;"Id On]S6«f]g, k|f]6f]g / Go'6«f]gsf] cfj/0faf6 klg
cfk"mnfO{ d'Qm u/L s]jn ‘PS;’ / ‘jfO{’ j|mf]df]hf]ddf ;Lldt /xG5, tTkZrft\ tL
j|mf]df]hf]d ;d]t Tofu u/L k"0f{ lg/fj/0f eO{ s]jn r]tgfdf ;Lldt x'G5 .
oxL xf] jf:tjdf xfdLn] a'‰g' kg]{ ls dfgjsf]
>]i7tf hLjsf] cl:tŒj 1fg / r]tgf g} xf] . c? ;a gfzjfg\ 5g\ .
"Life is like a
perennial stream. Everything is perishable. Nothing is permanent, not even the
Gods. Even death is not permanent as it changes into a new life" –Buddha
n'Aws–dfgj ca tf/fx¿nfO{ klg 5f]8]/ dxfofgLx¿sf]
efiffdf jftf{nfk ub}{ gof / cgGt cl:tŒj u|x0f ub}{ k[YjLeGbf lgs} ljzfn
‘ljZjhLt’ gfds u|xdf cfˆgf] cl:tŒj :yflkt ug{ k'Ub5 . a|≈df08–ljhoL pm ca
‘ljZjhLt–kf/b–dfgj’ aGb5 . o;/L k[YjLdfgj ‘j¿0fdfgj’ clg ‘n'Aws dfgj’ x'b} cGTodf
‘ljZjhLt–dfgj’ df kl/0ft x'G5 .
dbgdl0fsf] dfq sNkgf xf]Og, Stephen Hawking / Carl Sagan h:tf ljZjk|l;4 j}1flgsx¿n] klg k[YjLdfgjn] Pslbg
;Dk"0f{ a|≈df08df cfˆgf] clwkTo hdfpg] 5 egL eljiojf0fL ul/;s]sf 5g\
.
cfOG:6fOgsf] a8f] htg;fy ;g\ !(%% b]lv
Go'h;L{sf] lk|G;6g c:ktfndf ;'/lIft /flvPsf] dl:tis ca c? s;}df ;kmn
k|Tof/f]k0f u/fOP tfklg jf dfgj Snf]lgÍ k|ljlwaf6 cfOG:6fOgsf] k'gh{Gd g}
u/fOPtf klg Tof] k|lt¿k–dfgjsf] Jojxf/ / JolQmTj d"n JolQm ;dfg x'g ;Dej
gePsf] x'bf ljZjdf bf];|f] cNa6{ cfOG:6fOg / bf];|f] Theory of Relativity hGdg ;Sg] 5}g . oxL s'/f tLj| u|x0fzLn dgf]dl:tissf s'a]/ k|sf08
ljåfg\ dbdl0f bLlIft / pgsf] ‘cgGt cfofd’ df klg nfu' x'G5 . g]kfnL jfª\dodf k|frLgtd
Oltxf;sf] j}1flgs oyfy{jfbL pb\3f6g / k|:t'tLs/0f ug{df lg/Gt/ ;+3if{/t Psdfq
xf]gxf/ ;flxTosf/ dbgdl0f g} x'g'x'G5 . pxfn] cfˆgf] #$ ;f}+ k':ts
n]Vbf;Dd h'g k/Dk/f a;fpg' ePsf] lyof] To;af6 k[ys / lgs} dfly p7]/ tof/
kfg'{ePsf] of] #% ;f}+ u|Gy g]kfnL ;flxTo / ;dfhnfO{ gjLgtd df}lns pkxf/ xf] .
olt ;fgf] k':tsdf pxfn] ljZj–a|≈df08af/] olt ljzfn 1fg–e08f/ ;d]6\g' ePsf] 5 ls
pxf dflg;n] jf0fLsf] ljsf; / sd{k"hf ug{ yfn]kl5sf] r]tgfo'Qm cj:yf cyf{t\
‘cgGt r}tGo’ sf] k|f/lDes r/0faf6 ;'? u/L ;[li6sf] clGtd cj:yf tyf k|lt–kbfy{ (Anti Matter),
k|lt–;[li6 (Anti Creation), k|lt–r]tgf (Anti Conciousness) / k|lt–cl:tŒj (Anti Existence) ;Dd k'Ug' ePsf] 5 . Tof] eGbf klg k/sf]
;[li6sf] lrGtg ug{ ;Sg] ca s'g} s'/f g} afsL 5}g . bLlIftsf] ‘cgGt lrGtg’ sf] of] cjwf/0ff
ljZj j}1flgsx¿sf nflu r'gf}tL klg xf] . ctPjM ‘cgGt r}tGo’ dbgdl0fsf]
ce"tk"j{ cTo'Rr lrGtg xf] .
dbgdl0fsf] r]x/fdf Pp6f k'i6 / km/flsnf]
lgwf/nfO{ ;dfPsf] lz/leq c/af}+ 1fgsf]ifx¿ :klGbt Pp6f a|≈df08sf] cfef emNsG5 .
ljnIf0f k|ltef / pb\e6 ljåtfsf ;d|f6 dbgdl0f olb k|of]uzfnf / j]bzfnf ePsf]
cg';Gwfgsf] kof{Kt ;fwg;'ljwf ;DkGg d'n'sdf hlGdg' ePsf] eP of] pd]/;Dd Ps ljZjljVoft
dxfg\ j}1flgs–ljåfg\ alg;Sg' x'GYof]ý / olt cefju|:t / lylrPsf] b]zdf hGd]/ klg
k|frLgtd / gjLgtd 1fgwf/fsf ;Ëd dbgdl0f g]kfnL ;dfhdf cTTo'Rr gfd–k|lti7f cfh{g
u/]/ ztfo'lt/ nDsb} ubf{ klg olt nfdf] ;do cem lrGtgzLn /xb} ce}m l;h{gf ub}{
k|ltli7t eO/xg' ePsf] 5 .
dbgdl0fsf] kl/sNkgfdf dfgj s'g} lbg a|≈df08g}
kl/j|mdf u/L k[YjLdfgjaf6 j¿0fdfgj / n'Awsdfgj x'“b} ljZjhLt dfgjd} kl/0ft eP5
eg] klg dxfef/tsf] cfZjd]l3s kj{df a|≈dfsf] d'vaf6 Jof;n] æ1fg:ofGtf] g ljBt]Æ cyf{t\ æ1fgsf] s'g} cGTo 5}gÆ eg]e}+m r]tgzLn
dfgjn] hlt g} 1fg xfl;n u/]klg ;[li6s} a? cGTo xf]nf k/Gt' 1fgsf] s'g} cGTo 5}g
. of] ‘1fg:ofGtf] g ljBt]’ eg]s} ‘cgGt r}tGo’ xf] .
ctM ‘1fg:ofGtf] g ljBt]’ . c:t' .
